U-R2L2

Derivation of differential equations describing evolution of spin populations

1. Reaction rates and partial conversion rates

3. Net conversion rates

4. Expression in terms of spin (monomer) concentrations

5. Final result

Conclusions

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clean up workspace

Write properly balanced reactions equations:

Transition A:

(1)          (2)

R+L<=>RL

Constants: k_1_A (forward), k_2_A (reverse).

Transition B:

(1)          (2)

2RL <=> (RL)2

Constants: k_1_B (forward), k_2_B (reverse).

Write reaction rates

We distinguish reaction rates ( Rate, elementary reaction acts per unit time) and conversion rates (dc/dt, number of moles of specific species consumed/produced per unit time). Conversion rates, dc/dt, for species are related to reaction rates, Rate, through molecularity coefficients.

We also distinguish here partial conversion rates from net (overall) conversion rates. The net conversion rate is actual rate of change in measured concentration of the species. Partial conversion rate is the conversion rate of the species along a specific branch of the reaction mechanism. Summing partial conversion rates of the species one obtains the net conversion rate.

Ligand binding rates (forward transition on A: 1_A)

a reaction rate

a partial conversion rate of R

The final form

RL dissociation rates (reverse transition on A: 2_A)

a reaction rate

a partial conversion rate of RL

The final form

RL dimerization rates (forward transition on B: 1_B)

a reaction rate

a partial conversion rate of RL

(two molecules are involved in one reaction act)

The final form

RL dimer dissociation rates (reverse transition on B: 1_B)

a reaction rate

a partial conversion rate of R2

The final form

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To define evolution of the species we need to compute concentrations  as a function of time. To this end, we will write differential equations for conversion rates of all species.

In a reversible process both forward and reverse reaction occur simultaneously. Thus, the net conversion rate of the species is a difference between partial conversion rates resulting from forward and reverse reactions, summed along all branches.

Net conversion rate of  R

Sum all pertaining partial rates with respective signs

Let's determine what the terms are.

The forward term

The reverse reaction on A converts one molecule of RL to one of R so

Therefore, the net conversion rate is

Net conversion rate of RL

Sum all pertaining partial rates with respective signs

dissociation rate is known

and dimerization rate:

The formation rate of RL from R and L would be

The formation rate from a dimer is double the dissociation rate of a dimer (two molecules of RL are made of one (RL)2 dissociating):

Thus, the net conversion rate

Net conversion rate of (RL)2

Sum all pertaining partial rates with respective signs

Dissociation rate is known

Dimerization: conversion rate of the dimer is half of the conversion rate of the monomer

Thus, the net conversion rate of a dimer is

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The Bloch-McConnell equations describe evolution of bulk magnetization of a sample, which is proportional to the number of spins found in every specific magnetic environment. A dimer contains two identical spins, therefore the amount of magnetization from spins in the environment of dimer is proportional to the doubled equilibrium concentration of a dimer.

Define new variables for concentrations and net conversion rates

We assign species as: R-1, RL-2, R2L2-3.

A monomeric receptor contains only one spin so everything is equivalent:

A bound complex contains  one spin as well

The RL dimer contains two spins

Express concentration of species in new concentration terms

Obtain conversion rates in new concentrations

A spin in a monomeric receptor

A spin in a bound complex

A spin in a dimeric complex

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Summarize the derivation results

These are the differential equations governing  concentrations of spins experiencing environment of a free receptor, C1,  a monomeric receptor-ligand complex, C2, and a dimer of receptor-ligand complex, C3.

where

Prepare results for transfer to MATLAB

To avoid typing errors when transfering derived K matrix to MATLAB we type it in here and then directly test against derivation result. Then K matrix may be transfered to MATLAB by cut-and-paste of the MuPad output.

Restate the results

Enter the K-matrix looking at the above results.

Simple rules that allow catching mistakes in K matrix derivation:

   (1) a sum of each column should be zero (so each constant must appear with both positive and negative sign), and 

   (2) each row has to have complete pairs of constants (i.e., if k12

    appears there must be k21 in the same row with an opposite sign and so on).

Create P-column vector

Check correctness of the entered K matrix by multiplying with P and comparing to the above equations:

Multiply K and P:

Collect right-hand-side parts of equations

Compare derivation result to manual input

=> Typed K-matrix is correct.

Use this K-matrix  (copy-paste output to MATLAB)

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Differential equations governing spin populations in U-R2L2 system have been derived. The K matrix has been prepared for transferring to MATLAB.

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